Lead is a toxic heavy metal that may be present in household drinking water supply systems fitted with lead containing components such as pipes, pipe connections and fittings. Long term exposure to lead can result in health problems such as learning deficits in children and increases in blood pressure in adults. This challenging project aims at studying the complex physical and chemical interactions leading to excess lead concentration in the water supply chain networks in Hong Kong high rise buildings, through laboratory physical experiments, numerical modeling and material examination.